Laparoscopy is a minor surgical procedure that is employed frequently in gynecological examination and also used for performing some surgical treatments. This procedure is quite safe and is associated with minimal complications.

The doctor may ask an individual to undergo a laparoscopy test for various reasons.

The common indications include:

• To diagnose the underlying cause of infertility

• To diagnose the cause of chronic pain in the pelvic region

• To rule out the presence of any cancerous changes in the ovaries

• For performing family planning operation (permanent sterilization)^1–3

What are the Preparations Required prior to the Test?

The individual is supposed to maintain a fast for 8 h (overnight fasting) prior to the procedure and will be asked to sign a consent form before the procedure is performed.

This is a minor surgical procedure that is performed under general anesthesia. After administering the anesthetic, the doctor makes a small cut on the tummy below the umbilicus. The specialized instruments are then passed through this incision and the reproductive organs and other associated structures are examined. After the procedure, the instruments are withdrawn and the cut is stitched. A small dressing may be placed on the wound. The individual may be asked to rest for a few hours before being discharged.¹

The procedure helps the doctor to have a look at the internal organs and rule out any abnormalities or to identify the specific changes in these tissues. Any sample collected for further diagnosis is sent to the laboratory.

Laparoscopy is generally not associated with any major complications. However, the possible complications include injury to the organs within the abdomen, bleeding and infection. The doctors performing the procedures follow enough precautions to avoid any complications.^1,4