GOUT
Introduction to Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis that is associated with inflammation and is
caused due to crystallization of the uric acid normally present in the
body. It affects about 1% of the general population and involves
one or more joints in the body. Gout is more common in men aged
above 40 years. The joints of the toes are most commonly affected
while the heels, ankles, knees, fingers, wrists and elbows may be
affected to a lesser extent.1, 2
Causes of gout
Causes of gout
The cause of gout has been attributed to increased levels of a
chemical substance known as uric acid in the body. The uric
acid is a by-product of certain metabolic reactions taking place
in the body and is normally excreted through the kidneys.
Risk Factors for Gout
Following are some of the risk factors that are associated with gout.4
- Consumption of food such as read meat and sea food that are rich in purine (uric acid is a breakdown product of purine)
- Increased consumption of alcohol and
- Consumption of diuretic medication
Signs and Symptoms of Gout
Signs and symptoms of gout
Gout may either appear without any provocation (referred to as acute gout or acute gouty arthritis) or may be characterized by frequent attacks of the condition over a period of time.
Diagnosis of Gout
Diagnosis of gout
The diagnosis is based on the signs and symptoms, history of underlying disorders or the presence of risk factors and certain laboratory investigations.
Treatment of Gout
Treatment of gout
The aim of the treatment for gout is to reduce the severity of the symptoms during the acute attacks and prevent the progression into chronic states.
Alternative Therapies of Gout
Following have an adjunctive role both in faster remission of gout and prevention of complications.2, 6
- Weight reduction programs
- Decreased consumption of purine-rich foods
- Reduction or discontinuation of alcohol consumption, and
- Control of hypertension and diabetes
Complications of Gout
Complications of gout include
- Deformation of the joints
- Deposition of uric acid crystals in the various soft-tissues of the body including the kidneys and heart.
Prevention of Gout
A healthy lifestyle, which includes proper diet with adequate exercise
and decreased consumption of alcohol can avoid triggering the condition
and also prevent further complications.
Following proper instructions from the doctor before consuming
medications, especially those medications, which are required
to be taken for a long period of time is also helpful.
Living with Gout
Although the acute form of gout may progress to the chronic type,
early and proper treatment helps the affected individuals to lead
a normal life with minimal complications.
Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: April 13, 2012