Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis

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Osteoarthritis

Introduction to Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is considered as the most common joint disorder, affecting individuals aged above 65 years worldwide. It is a chronic disorder of the joints characterized by continuous degeneration of the tissues of the joints.¹ Osteoarthritis usually affects the joints of the hands, knees, hips and the spine resulting in pain, swelling stiffness and loss of mobility in these joints.² However, most individuals may remain asymptomatic. It affects both men and women equally, though the occurrence is increased in case of women after the age of 55 years.

Causes of Osteoarthritis

Causes of osteoarthritis

Although the exact cause of osteoarthritis is not known, recent researches have suggested that multiple risk factors may have a vital role in the occurrence of this disorder. The main factors that have been identified include

Signs and Symptoms of Osteoarthritis

Signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis

Most of the individuals are asymptomatic for certain duration of time during which the destruction of the tissues is gradually progressing. The common symptom noted in individuals with osteoarthritis is the pain in the joints.

Diagnosis of Osteoarthritis

Diagnosis of osteoarthritis

The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is based on a comprehensive review of the history of the condition, signs and symptoms noticed, physical examination and other investigations.

Treatment of Osteoarthritis

Treatment of Osteoarthritis

The treatment options given to the individual varies and is designed specifically for that individual based on the stage and severity of osteoarthritis. Various treatment options commonly employed include the

Alternative Therapy of Osteoarthritis

The alternative therapies that are available include ginger and other herbal supplements, mind–body interventions, counselling and acupuncture. However, these options are usually advised as an adjunct to the ongoing therapy with other options and are not efficient enough while used alone. A doctor’s opinion must always be taken before initiation of such therapies.^{5, 6}

Complications of Osteoarthritis

The possible complications of osteoarthritis include decreased ability to walk and perform daily activities along with those associated with long-term use of medications or surgery.

Prevention of Osteoarthritis

There are no specific preventive measures to avoid the occurrence of osteoarthritis. The complications such as fracture in case of obese individuals can however be reduced by following weight loss programs. Mild exercises also prevent long-term immobilization of the joints thereby preventing further complications.

Living with Osteoarthritis

The disability associated with osteoarthritis though severe at times can be managed effectively with proper treatment and care. Proper care helps the individual to overcome the symptoms associated with osteoarthritis more confidently.

Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: August 15, 2011

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References

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