Overview of hay fever
Hay fever, also known as allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common kinds of allergies. The current changing environmental scenario supports an increasing worldwide prevalence of hay fever and other allergic conditions such as asthma. A misnomer, hay is not a usual cause of this problem and it does not cause fever. Allergic rhinitis is the correct term used to describe this allergic reaction. Rhinitis means “irritation of the nose.” Allergic rhinitis has a considerable effect on quality of life and can result in considerable health- and economic-related consequences, if left untreated.1
Allergic rhinitis which occurs during a specific season is called “seasonal allergic rhinitis” and another one which occurs throughout the year is called “perennial allergic rhinitis.” The condition develops as an allergic reaction to pollen. Pollen from garden flowers usually doesn’t cause allergies. Small, light, dry pollens produced by trees, grasses and weeds, propagated by the wind lead to these allergic symptoms. Similar reaction occurs with allergens such as mold, animal dander, dust and other inhaled particles.
Symptoms of hay fever
Symptoms of hay fever
Symptoms of allergic rhinitis include nasal congestion, a clear runny nose, blocked nose, sneezing, watery eyes and itchiness in the eyes and nose. Postnasal dripping of mucus frequently causes cough. Loss of smell and taste is common.
Diagnosis of hay fever
The history of the patient’s symptoms is important in diagnosing allergic rhinitis. Allergy test will reveal the specific causative allergens. Skin test is the most common method of allergy testing. Blood test to look for a protein in the blood called IgE (immunoglobulin E) may also be helpful in determining specific allergen sensitivity. This test is usually done only in patients who cannot tolerate skin test (e.g. presence of severe eczema).
Treatment of hay fever
Treatment of hay fever
Currently available pharmacotherapeutic options include oral and topical (intranasal) decongestants and corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, and intranasal anticholinergics.
Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: April 10, 2012