Introduction

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as lupus is a disorder of the defense (immune) system of the body that results in various manifestations involving numerous organs. It has been estimated that about 4.6 out of every 1,00,000 individuals are affected by this disorder. Systemic lupus erythematosus is more commonly noticed in women and is often diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 35 years. The skin, joints, blood cells, kidneys, lungs and the central nervous system are commonly affected wherein painful joints are often the main symptom experienced by the affected individuals.^1,2

 
Causes
The cause of SLE has been attributed to various factors that may interact with each other or with the immune system of the body. These factors may either initiate or exacerbate the condition that is characterized by the abnormal functioning Read more....

Risk Factors
Family history of SLE, female gender and exposure to UV light are the risk factors that are associated with increased incidence of SLE. Consumption of oral contraceptive drugs may often exacerbate the existing disorder.³    
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Systemic lupus erythematosus may be characterized by a wide array of symptoms such as formation of rashes over the cheeks and back, sensitivity to light, ulcers in the mouth, disorders of the kidney, nervous system and the   
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Diagnosis

The diagnosis is generally based on the history and the different types of symptoms and signs and symptoms noticed. The presence of multiple symptoms involving the various organs of the body is considered as a criterion for the diagnosis. Additionally blood test to measure the levels of specific cells known as antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is performed to confirm the diagnosis. Other common blood tests to evaluate the quality and quantity of the blood cells, and their products may also be advised. Urine tests, radiographs, ECG, MRI and CT scans and other specific tests based on the organ system involved may be advised to know the extent of the disorder.^1,2,5

Treatment
Lupus is a long-term disorder that requires the affected individual to undergo various treatments for several months at a stretch. However, it is not a life-threatening disorder when identified early and appropriate interventions are    
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Alternative Therapies 
Counselling, enrolment in social support groups and minor daily exercises such as aerobics have an adjuvant effect on the therapies being followed.

Living with Lupus
Systemic lupus erythematosus is lifelong disorder wherein the affected individuals need to visit the physician or a specialist doctor at regular intervals to know the progress of the disorder and modification of therapeutic protocol. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment have helped individuals suffering from SLE to live much longer than those with severe complications.^1,2,6,7


Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: January 03,2009